Reciprocating compressors can come in single or multi-stage variations, which affects the pressure ranges they can achieve. These types of air compressors work via a piston inside a cylinder, which compresses and displaces the air to build pressure. Unlike the rotary screw compressor, the reciprocating compressor is not designed for continuous use.Ī reciprocating air compressor has more moving parts than a rotary screw compressor, and these parts are lubricated with oil for smoother movement. These are typically found at smaller work sites such as garages and home construction projects. Reciprocating CompressorsĪnother popular type of displacement compressor is the reciprocating compressor. Because of the internal cooling system, these air compressors are designed for continuous use, and range in power from 5 horsepower up to 350 horsepower. The air gets trapped between the two opposing rotors, and builds up pressure within the housing. Rotary screw air compressors generate energy via two internal rotors that turn in opposite directions. They are typically large, industrial-sized machines that can be either lubricated with oil or run oil-free. Rotary Screw CompressorsĪ common type of displacement compressor, rotary screw compressors are some of the easiest types of air compressors to take care of, as they are equipped with an internal cooling system and don’t require much maintenance. Air compressors in this category work with different internal mechanisms, but the principle for each is the same.Ī cavity inside the machine stores the air brought from outside, and then slowly compresses the cavity to increase the air pressure and potential energy. Positive displacement compressors encompass a variety of different air compressors that generate power via air displacement. We’ll cover what each is best used for below, so you can make an informed decision for your project. The four most common types of air compressors you will see are: Types of Air Compressors.Īir compressors are categorized as either positive displacement or dynamic displacement, based on their internal mechanisms. Generally, the differences aren’t too severe: it all boils down to the way a compressor handles air displacement.
There are different types of air compressors and each one has a different specialty. Some of the more popular options are nailers, impact wrenches, sanders, and paint sprayers. It’s similar to how a combustion engine works, using a crankshaft, piston, valve, head, and a connecting rod.įrom there, the pressurized air can be used to power a variety of tools. They’re powered by an engine that turns electrical energy into kinetic energy. Think of it as an open balloon: the compressed air can be used as energy as it’s released. Then, the air is forced through an opening in the tank, where pressure builds up. An electric motor or gasoline engine drives a piston, which compresses air and forces it into a storage tank.Īir compressors work by forcing air into a container and pressurizing it. Single-stage, piston-type air compressors are the most common models for home use and work well for many applications around the home or workshop.
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Learn how to find a compressor that handles your jobs. How Air Compressors FunctionĪir compressors can power a variety of work, from inflating a tire to operating a nail gun. An air compressor must be differentiated from a pump because it works for any gas/air, while pumps work on a liquid.
When tank pressure reaches its lower limit, the air compressor turns on again and re-pressurizes the tank. The energy contained in the compressed air can be used for a variety of applications, utilizing the kinetic energy of the air as it is released and the tank depressurizes.
The compressed air, then, is held in the tank until called into use. When the tank’s pressure reaches its engineered upper limit, the air compressor shuts off. By one of several methods, an air compressor forces more and more air into a storage tank, increasing the pressure. An air compressor is a pneumatic device that converts power (using an electric motor, diesel, or gasoline engine, etc.) into potential energy stored in pressurized air (i.e., compressed air).
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